Proof pack · Shipment S-001

Rubber orchard near Benin City, Edo (case study)

Draft pack

Nothing blocks the shipment, but the pack is not finished. Fill the missing items, then ask for approval.

What is still missing

  • Land papers are missing for 1 plot: EDO-BNN-0001.
    Fix: Add a land paper for each of these plots: a survey plan, a certificate of occupancy or a permit.

This is the state when the pack was built. A named person approves the handoff in Forestline, and any later change takes the approval back.

Prepared for EU buyer (not named), FR. Rubber, Product code 4001.

1Plots in the farm location file
24.78 haArea
1Farmers
24,778 kgWeight stated for the shipment
24,778 kgWeight of lots kept apart
1 / 0 / 0Clear / Check / Stop
0Left out of the file
This pack holds the proof for one shipment. Your EU buyer files the EU form (the due diligence statement) and stays responsible for it. A person looks at every Check before the plot goes in the farm location file.

Under Europe's no-deforestation rule (EUDR), Nigeria is a standard-risk country (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093). So the EU buyer runs the full risk check on every shipment.

What is in this pack

The sections follow Article 9 of Europe's no-deforestation rule, (a) to (h), so your EU buyer can match each one to their form.

The farm location file (GeoJSON), the plot register (CSV), the lot-to-plot table (CSV) and the EU form draft (JSON).

(a) What the goods are

CropRubber
DescriptionNatural rubber, weights estimated from plot sizes
Product code4001

(b) How much

Weight stated for the shipment24,778 kg
Weight of lots kept apart24,778 kg
LotBagsWeight (kg)Kept apartProblems
L-001024,778Yes–

(c) Where they were grown

Country of productionNigeria (NG)
StatesEdo

(d) The plots and when the crop was grown

Harvest period: Not recorded. Farm edges are in the farm location file.

Plot codeFarmerCommunityFarm edgeArea (ha)ResultIn the file
EDO-BNN-0001Not known (farm edge from OpenStreetMap)Near Benin CityFull edge24.78ClearYes

(e) Who supplied the goods

Exporter: Rubber orchard near Benin City, Edo (case study)

FarmerCommunityPhoneCooperativeAgreed to share plot locations
Not known (farm edge from OpenStreetMap) F-0001Near Benin City, EdoNot recordedNo

(f) Who the goods go to

EU buyerEU buyer (not named), FR

The buyer's address and email are on the buyer's own form.

(g) Proof that no forest was cut after 31 December 2020

Satellite photos: 2020 and the latest selected photo.

EDO-BNN-0001

Clear

Not known (farm edge from OpenStreetMap) · Near Benin City, Edo · 24.78 ha

The 2020 photo
The 2020 photo. Taken 2020-11-03. Clouds hid 0% of the plot.
Latest selected photo
Latest selected photo. Taken 2025-11-04. Clouds hid 0% of the plot.
Forest at the end of 2020 (EU map)0 ha (0%)
Tree loss after 2020 (a rough guide, not an exact area)0 ha · 2021: 0, 2022: 0, 2023: 0, 2024: 0, 2025: 0
Recent alerts0 (0 ha)
Protected forestsOkomu National Park (0 ha)
Overlaps with other plotsNone

Why this result

What Forestline AI saw: Both photos show dense, continuous dark-green canopy inside the farm edge. Some cloud is visible at the edges but the main plot area is clear in both photos. No clearing, bare ground or new planting is visible. The canopy appears unchanged.

Plots left out of the farm location file

No plots were left out.

Bags kept apart

LotBagsWeight (kg)Kept apartProblems
L-001024,778Yes–

Purchases and the plots they trace to

PurchaseDateFarmerPlot codeBagsWeight (kg)
pu_01Not known (farm edge from OpenStreetMap)EDO-BNN-0001024,778

Bag weights for a plot are the plot's share of each purchase, split by plot area.

Harvest check

Kilograms on record for a farmer, against what that farmer's plots can grow in a season.

No farmer is above what the plots can grow.

(h) Proof the farms are legal

Europe's no-deforestation rule points to Nigeria's land, tax, labour and anti-corruption rules. This list shows which papers Forestline holds for each plot.

Papers missing: 2

Plot codeHow the land is heldLand paperFarmer IDIssues
EDO-BNN-0001unknownMissingMissing–

Risk check

Written by Forestline AI from the facts in this pack. The EU buyer decides if the risk is very low.

This risk check covers shipment S-001, a rubber shipment of 24778 kg net weight destined for an EU buyer in France. Nigeria is in the standard risk group under Europe's no-deforestation rule (EUDR), so the EU buyer runs the full risk check. Key open items: land papers are missing for 1 plot (EDO-BNN-0001), 1 farmer has not given consent, and all weights are estimates because no bag was weighed and no sale is recorded.

Where the crop grows

The shipment contains rubber from 1 plot in Nigeria, covering 24.7775 ha. Nigeria is in the standard risk group under Europe's no-deforestation rule (EUDR) (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1093). This means the EU buyer runs the full risk check on every shipment. The rule uses a cut-off date of 31 December 2020: no forest may have been turned into farm land after that date on any plot in this shipment. The 1 plot was checked against OpenStreetMap protected areas. This map holds only part of Nigeria's protected forests and is not a legal map. Of 1 plot checked, 0 plots lie inside a protected area and 0 plots lie within 500 m of one. The EU buyer should check the official Nigerian maps for protected forests that OpenStreetMap does not hold.

What the satellite photos show

Satellite photos were checked for 1 plot. Of 1 plot, 1 came back clear, meaning no sign of forest cut after 31 December 2020. No plots were flagged for extra review and no plots were marked stop. 0 plots were left out of the shipment.

How bags trace to plots

The shipment sits in 1 lot: L-001, with 24778 kg. This lot was kept apart from other lots, which lowers the risk of mixing with bags of unknown origin. The lot has 0 problems recorded. All weights are estimates. Each weight was worked out from a farm's size times a published average yield. No bag was weighed and no sale is recorded. The recorded weight on record is 24778 kg. The plots in this shipment can grow up to 37166 kg, and the recorded weight of 24778 kg is within that limit. 0 farmers are above their growing capacity.

Papers that show the farm is legal

Land papers are missing for 1 plot: EDO-BNN-0001. In total, 2 papers are missing. 1 farmer has not given consent. The EU buyer should assess whether the missing papers and consent can be obtained before filing. This data does not cover other Nigerian laws that may apply to rubber farming or export; the EU buyer assesses those separately.

What was done about the risks

0 plots were left out of the shipment. 0 plots were reviewed by a person. The shipment is in draft status. The handoff notes list 1 missing item: land papers are missing for 1 plot (EDO-BNN-0001). No extra documents or corrective steps are recorded in the facts provided.

What the EU buyer decides

The EU buyer decides whether this shipment meets the rule. Open items to resolve: land papers missing for 1 plot (EDO-BNN-0001), 1 farmer without consent, and all weights are estimates with no weighed bags or recorded sales. The EU buyer should also check official Nigerian protected-forest maps for areas not held in OpenStreetMap. Forestline AI gathers and checks evidence; a person reviews it; the EU buyer files the EU form and stays responsible.

Where the data comes from

These records were used for every result in this pack.

SourceVersionLicence
EU Joint Research Centre Global Forest Cover 2020
https://forobs.jrc.ec.europa.eu/GFC
V4Free of charge, without restriction of use (cite Bourgoin et al., doi 10.2905/JRC.3KATEH8)
University of Maryland Global Forest Change (loss counts are a rough guide, not an exact area)
https://storage.googleapis.com/earthenginepartners-hansen/GFC-2025-v1.13/download.html
GFC-2025-v1.13CC BY 4.0 (Hansen/UMD/Google/USGS/NASA)
Global Forest Watch integrated deforestation alerts
https://www.globalforestwatch.org/
latest releaseGlobal Forest Watch open data (terms on the source page)
Copernicus Sentinel-2 satellite photos, through Earth Search
https://earth-search.aws.element84.com/v1/
S2B_31NGH_20201103_0_L2A (baseline 02.14); S2A_31NGH_20251104_0_L2A (baseline 05.11)Copernicus Sentinel data, free and open
OpenStreetMap protected areas (partial coverage; not a legal map)
https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright
snapshot b0efa2a7, 11 areasODbL 1.0, © OpenStreetMap contributors
Forestline AI photo reading (reads the two photos; the rules decide the result)
Photo reader version 1Forestline
Check rulesCheck rules version 3

Exporter's statement

I confirm the details in this pack are correct to the best of my knowledge.

Signed for and on behalf of
Date
Name and function
Signature